Bookkeeping 101 October 2010 Prepared by: Ashley Zender Need
some basic tips on managing the money that flows in and out of your
business? Whether you are establishing a new business or just fine
tuning your existing business, here is some advice in operating a successful business. Refer to our “Bookkeeping 101” to understand the important elements of your business financials. What is bookkeeping? Bookkeeping is simply the recording of financial transactions (money received or paid) for a business or organization. Why is it so important? Bookkeeping is very important to running a successful business, because much like a balanced checkbook, having organized and accurate information about a company’s financial situation helps a business owner make decisions about purchases, pay bills, and evaluate sales performance. Bookkeeping Tips There are several important things a business owner can do to manage their company’s money, through organized and practical bookkeeping practices: - Keep Your Business and Personal Finances Separate:
When operating a business you should establish separate bank accounts
and credit cards in the names of the business, keeping all personal
purchases separate for business purchases. The most important reason for
doing this is to have a clear record to refer to when it is time to
have your business taxes prepared. Keep track of all the money that you
spend related to the business (example: rent, electricity, supplies,
purchases) because many of these items can be deducted from your
business taxes.
- Collect Money From Clients Quickly:
Once you have delivered your product or service to your client, you are
owed money (if it is not collected at the time of sale). It is
important for you to collect that money as soon as possible. Create
bills (also called invoices) for clients and send them out regularly
until you receive the entire amount owed to your business.
- Spend Your Money Slowly:
It is important to pay bills on time, but take advantage of payment
periods and pay bills the last day or two that they are due. Avoid
employee advances (early wage payments or draws against wages owed),
unless your business can truly afford it. This technique allows your
business to have cash in the bank longer and available for other
necessary items.
- Limit Your Inventory:
Your inventory is the actual product that you sell. It is important to
try to anticipate your clients’ needs and demand for inventory. If you
have too much inventory it may spoil, go out of
119
North Commercial Street, Suite 195 Bellingham, WA 98225-4455 phone:
(360) 733-4014 fax: (360) 733-5092 www.cevforbusiness.com .style,
or you may be at risk of theft. When purchasing your materials and
inventory make sure that you shop around and get the best prices to
ensure you are not paying too much for your product. Having too much
inventory also wastes cash that could be used in other areas of your
business. - Keep a Record of Money Received:
Keep a strict record off all the money your business receives. Take
detailed notes on a daily, weekly and monthly basis indicating where the
money came from and when it was received, or use an accounting software
product to track the money in your business.
- Keep a Record of all Expenses:
Regular expenses like rent and utilities, along with irregular expenses
like equipment purchases, need to be recorded. The records should
indicate what the money was spent on, who the check was written to, the
check number, and the date. Again, this can also be managed in
bookkeeping software.
- Employee Payment Record: You should keep a dated list of all pay given to your employees and for
which amounts. You should be withholding money for taxes from your employees’ checks. Many small businesses choose to work with a payroll services company to simplify this process. - Keep an Updated & Balanced Checking Account: You
should have a separate checking account established for your business.
Regularly go through your checkbook register and balance it. To balance
your checkbook make sure you record all transactions as they happen.
Record your current balance. When your bank statement arrives compare
items and balance stated from the bank. Your bank balance may appear to
be higher, but this could be due to clients or vendors not yet cashing
checks that you have written. If you are regularly tracking your balance
in your checkbook register, then your correct balance will be reflected
there.
- Consider Hiring a Professional Accountant or Bookkeeper: It
is important to select a professional who familiar with your type of
business. A good accountant or bookkeeper will be able to help your
business pay bills owed, send bills due to business and collect unpaid
money from customers, keep records needed for taxes, and advise you on
daily cash management.
These
tips are designed to help you gain an understanding for the basics of
sound business financial record keeping. For further reading on advanced
bookkeeping practices read our paper: The Basics of Booking http://cevforbusiness.com/admin/admin/publicationstribal/116.aspx The
Center for Economic Vitality (CEV) at Western Washington University is
available to help entrepreneurs in rural Whatcom County, Washington. The
CEV offers free, confidential business counseling in person or virtually. To schedule an appointment or learn more about us call (360) 733 4014 or visit our website at: www.cevforbusiness.com. 119
North Commercial Street, Suite 195 Bellingham, WA 98225-4455 phone:
(360) 733-4014 fax: (360) 733-5092 www.cevforbusiness.com |
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